Accordingly, the two-stage recasting process transforms the narrow myometrial spiral arteries into uterine placental vessels with low resistance. The second stage occurs from 12 to 16 weeks into the pregnancy, when the spiral arteries invade the interior of the myometrium ( 2). In the first stage occurring before 12 weeks after fertilization, spiral arteries invade the boundary between the decidua and myometrium ( 1). The formation of uteroplacental blood vessels goes through two principal stages. Second, the blood flow in uterine artery affects the oxygen delivered to the maternal-fetal interface. First, the maternal blood brings nutrients and carries away the residues. Nominal blood circulation in the maternal uterine artery is conducive for a healthy intrauterine environment and for sustaining the functionality of the placenta, which ensures the growth of the fetus. The invasion of trophoblasts into the uterine decidua and decidual vessels is critical for the formation of placenta. Besides, through moderate risk stratification, stringent monitoring for high-risk pregnant women can be implemented, decreasing the incidence of adversities. The identification of high-risk groups can also lessen maternal mortality. From early pregnancy to late pregnancy, UAD can combine with other maternal factors, biochemical indicators, and fetal measurement data to identify high-risk population. Administering low-dose aspirin daily before 16 weeks of pregnancy can significantly reduce the incidence of pregnancy complications. Predicting pregnancy complications in advance allows practitioners to carry out timely interventions to avoid or lessen the harm to mothers and neonates. We consider all relevant articles in English from Januto October 30, 2021. This review aims to collect literature about the roles of UAD in pregnancy complications. From the implantation stage to the end of pregnancy, detecting changes in uterine and placental blood vessels can provide a favorable diagnostic instrument for pregnancy complications. It is possible to predict significant vascular events during pregnancy through uterine artery Doppler (UAD). The defects of placentation are related to the etiologies of preeclampsia (PE), fetal growth restriction (FGR), and small-for-gestational age (SGA) neonates.
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